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Countries everywhere are divided within into two distinct spatial realms: one urban, one rural. Classic models of development predict faster growth in the urban sector, causing rapid migration from rural areas to cities, lifting average incomes in both places. The situation in South Africa throws up an unconventional challenge. The country has symptoms of a spatial realm that is not not rural, not fully urban, lying somewhat in limbo. This is the realm of the country's townships and informal settlements (T&IS). In many ways, the townships and especially the informal settlements are similar to
Blacks --- Economic development --- Slums --- Squatter settlements --- Economic conditions. --- South Africa --- Economic policy. --- Slum clearance --- Informal settlements (Squatter settlements) --- Irregular settlements --- Settlements, Spontaneous --- Settlements, Squatter --- Shack towns --- Shanty towns --- Shantytowns --- Spontaneous settlements --- Uncontrolled settlements --- Cities and towns --- Housing --- Black persons --- Negroes --- Ethnology --- Black people
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In Colonial Survey and Native Landscapes in Rural South Africa, 1850 - 1913 , Lindsay Frederick Braun explores the technical processes and struggles surrounding the creation and maintenance of boundaries and spaces in South Africa in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The precision of surveyors and other colonial technicians lent these enterprises an illusion of irreproachable objectivity and authority, even though the reality was far messier. Using a wide range of archival and printed materials from survey departments, repositories, and libraries, the author presents two distinct episodes of struggle over lands and livelihoods, one from the Eastern Cape and one from the former northern Transvaal. These cases expose the contingencies, contests, and negotiations that fundamentally shaped these changing South African landscapes.
Blacks --- Real property --- Land tenure --- Cadastral surveys --- Catastral surveys --- Freehold --- Limitations (Law) --- Property, Real --- Real estate --- Real estate law --- Realty --- Property --- Rent --- Negroes --- Ethnology --- Law and legislation --- South Africa --- Politics and government --- Africa, South --- Race relations --- History --- E-books --- Black persons --- Black peoples --- Black people --- Politics and government. --- History of Africa --- Society & social sciences --- Society & culture: general
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A key text for anyone interested in employment and the changing world of work, whether as student, researcher, teacher, analyst, adviser or practitioner.
Industrial relations --- Relations industrielles --- Industrial relations - Great Britain. --- Business. --- Business & Economics --- Labor & Workers' Economics --- #SBIB:316.334.2A440 --- #SBIB:316.334.2A416 --- #SBIB:316.334.2A537 --- Arbeidssociologie: het strategisch optreden van de partijen in de collectieve arbeidsverhoudingen: algemeen --- Arbeidssociologie: de vakbeweging in andere Westeuropese landen --- Organisatiesociologie: morfologie en werking van de overlegorganismen in de onderneming --- Management --- Administration --- Organization --- E-books --- Rastafari movement. --- Arts and religion. --- Arts --- Religion and the arts --- Religion --- Ras Tafari movement --- Ras Tafarian movement --- Rastafarian movement --- Rastafarianism --- Blacks --- Cults --- Religious aspects --- Black people
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Against a backdrop of the dismantling of apartheid and the current government's commitment to negotiating a new constitution based on universal suffrage and protected human rights, discussions are under way on the appropriate economic policies to be pursued in the new political climate. This paper focuses on the redistributive and growth policies needed in the new South Africa.
Poor --- Blacks --- Income distribution --- Taxation --- Economic conditions. --- South Africa --- Economic policy. --- Politics and government --- Duties --- Fee system (Taxation) --- Tax policy --- Tax reform --- Taxation, Incidence of --- Taxes --- Finance, Public --- Revenue --- Distribution of income --- Income inequality --- Inequality of income --- Distribution (Economic theory) --- Disposable income --- Black persons --- Negroes --- Ethnology --- Africa, South --- Black people --- Exports and Imports --- Labor --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Public finance & taxation --- Labour --- income economics --- International economics --- Education --- Health economics --- Personal income --- Expenditure --- Income and capital gains taxes --- Tax incidence --- National accounts --- Expenditures, Public --- Income --- Income tax --- Wages
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